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PROF. RAJENDRA SINGH (RAJJU BHAIYA) UNIVERSITY The circular insignia of Prof. Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) University (PRSU) has motifs of three rivers - Ganga, Yamuna and Saraswati flowing and a pair of hands holding a globe of the world, which glows with 24 rays or spokes on a sky blue background. All these motifs are ensconced in a circular border with blue outlines bearing the names of the university and place in English and Devanagari and its motto in Sanskrit ‘न हि ज्ञानेन सदृशं पवित्रमिह विद्यते’ (Chapter 4, verse 38 of the Bhagavad Gita) meaning ‘In this World, There is Nothing as Pure and Virtuous as the Pursuit of Knowledge’ and its transcription in English. The rivers symbolise flow of knowledge and science; the rays or spokes denote how expansive the domain of knowledge and the hands holding globe denote the acquisition of the world of knowledge. The colour blue denotes art, orange denotes science, white denotes education, grey means commerce and management, black m

RAJENDRA UNIVERSITY Rajendra University, Balangir, recognized by UGC as a State Public University, owes its origin to an Intermediate college setup in Balangir in 1944 by Maharaja Rajendra Narayan Sighdeo, the then ruler of the erstwhile Patna State and one of the former Chief Ministers of Odisha. This college was subsequently upgraded to a Degree college in 1946. It was granted autonomy with effect from April 1, 2002. It has been upgraded to a university with effect from September 1, 2020. The emblem of the university represents its spirit of modernity. It contains the name of the university and the year of its establishment along with three distinct symbols: the book representing the Faculty of Arts, the ship symbolising the School of Business and Commerce, and the scientific apparatus standing for the Department of Physical and Biological sciences. The open book is an emphatic pronouncement of the idea of continuous learning and the ceaseless pursuit of knowledge. The ship in

NAVA NALANDA MAHAVIHARA In the early 1950s, in order to revive the lost glory and heritage of ancient Nalanda Mahavihara, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, the first President of the Republic of India, declared that the ancient seat of Buddhist  learning at Nalanda would be revived. At the insistence of Ven. Bhikshu Jagdish Kashyap and with this goal in mind, the Government of Bihar established a research institute called ‘Magadh Institute of Post-Graduate Studies and Research in Pali and Allied Languages and Buddhist Learning’ at Nalanda in 1951. It later came to be known as Nava Nalanda Mahavihara (NNM) . The inspiration behind the establishment of this institute was to develop a centre of higher studies in Pali and Buddhism along the lines of ancient Nalanda Mahavihara. From the beginning, the institute functioned as a residential institution, with a limited number of Indian and foreign students. The present campus of the Mahavihara is 100 km from the metropolis of Patna,

CHOLA (CHOZHA) DYNASTY The  Chola (Chozha) Dynasty was a Tamil thalassocratic empire of southern India and one of the longest-ruling dynasties in world history. The earliest datable references to the Chola are from inscriptions dated to the 3rd century BCE during the reign of Ashoka of the Maurya Empire. As one of the Three Crowned Kings of Tamizhagam, along with the Chera and Pandya, the dynasty continued to govern over varying territories until the 13th century CE. Despite these ancient origins, the rise of the Chola, as the ‘Chola Empire’, only began with the medieval Cholas in the mid ninth century CE. The heartland of the Cholas was the fertile valley of the river Cauveri. They unified peninsular India, south of the Tungabhadra and held as one state for three centuries between 907 and 1215 AD. Under Rajaraja I and his successors Rajendra I, Rajadhiraja I, Rajendra II, Virajendra, and Kulothunga Chola I, the dynasty became a military, economic and cultural powerhouse in South Asia