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JHARKHAND RAKSHA SHAKTI UNIVERSITY The emblem of Jharkhand Raksha Shakti University (JRSU) has an orange circle which holds a shield topped by a pair of crossed swords. The shield holds the motifs of an open book supporting a traditional lamp. The circle is surmounted by its name and supported by a pair of laurels. At the bottom, on a banner its motto in Sanskrit ‘ज्ञानम् विज्ञान सहितं’ meaning ‘Knowledge with Science’ is inscribed. The shield symbolises protection, courage, heritage, authority and bravery; the open book denotes education, learning, knowledge and wisdom; the traditional lamp symbolises light, illumination, awakening, devotion, purity, guidance, protection, hope and prosperity; the crossed swords denote stands for safety, protection, readiness to overcome difficulties, power, valiance and cooperation and the laurels denote ceremonies, victory, achievement, hard work and dedication.

SAVITRIBAI PHULE PUNE UNIVERSITY Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU) was established on February 10, 1949 under the Poona University Act. The lotus shaped emblem of SPPU has Shaniwar Wada, the palace of Peshwas of the Maratha Empire founded By Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. In the bottom left and right are the Fort of Raigad, the capital of the empire and the Parvati Hill Temple of Pune respectively, placed inside a circle. Between these circles are a pair of crossed swords, elephant heads and pens. The Shaniwar Wada is supported by two horses standing upright holding an open book which has the words 'Savitribai Phule Pune University' inscribed on it along with the year of its establishment, 1949 AD. A pair of swastikas are placed below the book. At the bottom of the emblem the motto of the university in Sanskrit ‘यः क्रियावान् स पण्डितः’ meaning ‘Where Actions Prove Knowledge’ is inscribed on banner. This emblem was originally designed by Madhav Parshuram Dixit

SHIVAJI UNIVERSITY Shivaji University, established on November 18, 1962, is named after the Great Maratha Warrior and founder of the Maratha empire Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj was inaugurated by Dr. Radhakrishnan. The emblem of the university has a motif of lotus with three petals holding the silhouette of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, a traditional Maharashtrian lamp and an open book supported by a pair of swords and a shield. This motif is surrounded by its name in bold Devanagari on top and motto in Sanskrit ‘ज्ञानमेवामृतम्’ meaning ‘Knowledge is the Nectar’ at the bottom. The lotus symbolises purity, enlightenment, rebirth, transformation, personal growth, resilience, overcoming obstacles and divine beauty; the lamp symbolises light, illumination, awakening, devotion, purity, guidance, protection, hope and prosperity; the book symbolises knowledge and wisdom and the pair of crossed swords and shield stands for safety, protection, readiness to overcome difficulties, pow

VEER KUNWAR SINGH UNIVERSITY Veer Kunwar Singh University (VKSU) is a state university located in Ara, Bihar, India. It is named after the freedom fighter Veer Kunwar Singh, who played a significant role in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The university was established in 1992 and is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC). The brown coloured emblem of the university has a pair of crossed Indian tulwars (swords) with an open book in the background supporting a torch ensconced in a circular border which carries its name and place in Devanagari. Below the emblem on a white banner its motto in Sanskrit ‘विद्या धर्मेन शोभते’ meaning ‘Knowledge is Adorned with Righteousness’ is inscribed. The pair of crossed swords represent the freedom fighter, whose name adorns the university, it also means justice, order, courage and honour. A torch denotes light, path for growth and way forward; gear wheel is the symbol of industrialisation and progress and the open book denotes

THE MARATHA LIGHT INFANTRY The Maratha military qualities were brilliantly optimised in their historic campaigns against the Mughals and the British, under the leadership of Shivaji and succeeding rulers. Maratha armies, comprising both infantry and light cavalry with the Maratha naval power had dominated the military scene in India for three centuries. One of the famous regiments of the Indian Army, the Maratha Light Infantry is also one of the oldest. It's First battalion, also known as the Jangi Paltan, was raised in 1768 as part of the Bombay Sepoys. The Marathas came to special attention in the Great War (World War I) and have since maintained a record of dependability in war and peace. The quick moving Marathas with their traditions of mountain warfare were ideally suited to and were formed into a light infantry regiment. The Regiment has produced one Army Chief, General Joginder Jaswant Singh who also serves as the Colonel of the Regiment. Its Regimen

THE MADRAS REGIMENT ‘In the path of duty and self-sacrifice, giving their lives that we might live in freedom’. The Madras Regiment was initially formed as the Madras European Regiment in the 1660s by the East India Company as the second company established in India. However, it was formed as a battalion in 1748 under the command of Major Stringer Lawrence. Many well-known British officers have commanded this regiment; Robert Clive is one among them. This regiment has fought the Carnatic wars, which were fought in South India. The elephant crest symbolizes its gallantry in the Battle of Assaye under Arthur Wellesley, later Duke of Wellington. After independence, the infantry battalions of the Travancore ‘Nair Pattalam’, Cochin and Mysore State forces were amalgamated into the Madras Regiment. Currently the regiment has a strength of 20 battalions. The Regimental Centre is at Wellington, Tamilnadu. Its Regimental insignia is an Assaye Elephant  posed upon a shield

3 CORPS The 3 Corps  was a formation of the Indian Army during World War I. It was formed in Mesopotamia. Prior to the reorganization of the British and Indian forces in Mesopotamia, it was designated as the Tigris Corps. A new III Corps was formed in the Second World War for service in South East Asia. After the independence of India, a new III Corps was raised by the Indian Army in the 1980s. It is based at Dimapur in north east India and contains mountain formations and is tasked for use in any future Indian war against China. Jane's estimates that it consists of: 23rd Infantry Division headquartered at Ranchi, Bihar. Raised 1963; 56th Infantry Division headquartered at Zakhama, Nagaland Reportedly operational October 2009, which includes 46 Brigade (Dibang) and the 22 Brigade (Lekhapani), though 22 Brigade may shift to 2nd Mountain Division; 57th Mountain Division headquartered at Leimakhong, raised in 1966 for counter-insurgency operations in Mizoram, un

2 CORPS The 2 Corps  is the corps of the Indian Army, based in Ambala and known as Kharga Corps. The Corps was raised on October 7, 1971 by Lt. Gen. T N Raina at Krishna Nagar in West Bengal and saw action two months later in December. Its nick named as Kharga Corps. During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, it captured the important towns of Khulna, Jessore, Jhenida, Magura and Faridpur and also the area between the rivers Ganges and Padma. Subsequently, the Corps was shifted to the Western Theatre where it was initially located at Chandimandir Cantonment till 1984 and then moved to Ambala in January 1985. The II Corps consisted of 4th Mountain Division and 9th Infantry Division (the only infantry division in the east, it had more motor vehicles and heavier artillery than its mountain counterparts); the corps was later reinforced by 50 Parachute Brigade (minus one battalion). Under Lieutenant General Tapishwar Narain Raina ('Tappy'), the 20 infantry batta

COLLEGE OF DEFENCE MANAGEMENT College of Defence Management (CDM)  is a premier tri-service institution imparting management training to officers of the Defence Services. The CDM is entrusted with the responsibility of instilling contemporary management thoughts, concepts and practices in the senior leadership of the three Services. The need to set up a college specializing in imparting scientific management training was felt sometime after the Indo-Pak war of 1965. The complexities of modern combat, the high lethality and velocity of battle, large size of the Indian Armed Forces, their deployment in far flung areas, high cost of equipment, limited resources, socio-economic changes; all necessitated military commanders to be exposed to modern management concepts and techniques to enable them to operate in an effective and optimal manner. This felt need of Services gave birth to the Institute of Defence Management - IDM, at Secunderabad in December 1970. Brigadier

NATIONAL DEFENCE ACADEMY   Since its inception sixtythree years ago, National Defence Academy (NDA)  has steadily grown both in stature and élan. The present Academy insignia was selected in 1948. The background is maroon, which is not only an appropriate colour of heraldry but also a symbol of chivalry and sacrifice. The crest is composed of the symbols of the three services superimposed on each other and mounted on top by the Ashoka Capitol . The anchor  supports the sword  and both support the eagle . In this combined form they are no longer four separate entities but fused into one organic whole, communicating visually a new identity, a brotherhood of the armed forces of India, imbued with unquestioned valour (the swords), an unruffled stability and poise (the anchor) which no storms can disturb and fervent zeal always to reach for the sky (the eagle) and the pride of being in the service of the motherland (the Ashoka Capital).  The scroll or motto is fashion

TRAINING COMMAND The philosophy of Indian Army’s Training Command  is “No soldier or officer should ever lose his life or limb in combat, because he was inadequately trained”. The aim of the Command is to maximize effectiveness of training and establish a dedicated organization for formulating concepts and doctrines, which are specifically applicable to our operational environment. The requirement was to be met by the establishment of a centralized, independent and high-powered organization, with the requisite infrastructure and resources to meet all aspects of concepts and doctrine development, training policies and institutional training. The Army Training Command (ARTRAC ) came into being on October 1, 1991 at Mhow in Madhya Pradesh. It subsequently shifted to Shimla on  March 31, 1993. Its role includes formulation and dissemination of concepts and doctrines of warfare in the fields of strategy, operational art, tactics, logistics, training and human resource

INDIAN NAVY The origins of the Indian Navy  lay in a group of ships belonging to the East India Company arriving in Surat on September 5, 1612. However, they only acquired combatant status on May 01, 1830 when by warrant from the Lord High Admiral, they came under the British Crown and the Service was named the Indian Navy. The name Indian Navy changed to Bombay Marine, Indian Marine, Royal Indian Marine and Royal Indian Navy form 1863 onwards till it became the Indian Navy once again on January 26, 1950.  The first Indian to be granted a commission was Sub Lieutenant D. N. Mukherji who joined the Royal Indian Marine as an engineer officer in 1928. In 1934, the Royal Indian Marine was reorganised into the Royal Indian Navy and was presented the King's Colour in 1935 in recognition of its services. At the outbreak of the Second World War, the Royal Indian Navy consisted of eight warships. By the end of the war, its strength had risen to 117 combat vessels and 3

INDIAN ARMY The Indian Army  numbers over one million personnel and fields three dozen divisions. Designed primarily to defend the country's frontiers, the army has committed to internal security duties in Kashmir and the Northeast. The largest standing volunteer Army in the world has never had to scour the populace for draft or conscription. There are always more men eager to don olive green than the demand at any one time. The values of the army infused in the soldier through the years of training are Espirit-de-Corps  - One for all and all for one; Spirit of Selfless Sacrifice - ‘Naam, Namak, Nishan'; Valour; Non-discrimination; Fairness and Honesty; Discipline and Integrity; Fidelity, Honour and Courage and Death to Dishonour and Forthrightness. These values stoke the attitude of Service before Self in every soldier. Its emblem has two crossed swords crested with Ashoka lion pillar Lion, which is India’s official emblem in red background. https:

EMBLEM OF PUNJAB  Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the remarkable leader who united the whole Punjab under one flag. His rule stretched from the banks of the Yamuna to the Khyber and from Kashmir to Multan. The emblem of Punjab state government shows the Asoka Capital and its motto, being the emblem of India, surrounded by a bordure charged in chief with an ear of rice and in base with two swords in saltire and on the dexter and sinister the words ‘पंजाब सरकार’ in Devanagari and 'ਪੰਜਾਬ ਸਰਕਾਰ' in Gurmukhii. Below the seal is a ribbon with the title 'Govt. Punjab'. The emblem is tinctured orange.

KHANDA The Khanda is the emblem of Sikhism. It consists of three objects: a solid circle, two interlocked swords and one double-edged sword in the centre. The twin edged sword (which itself is known by the name Khanda), circled by the solid circle known as a Chakra. The right edge of the Khanda symbolises freedom and authority governed by moral and spiritual values. The left edge of the double-edged sword symbolises divine justice which chastises and punishes wicked oppressors. The twin edged sword at the centre of the Khanda also symbolises disintegration of false pride and vanity and demolitionof the barriers of caste and other inequalities. The Chakra being a circle without a beginning or an end exhorts the Sikhs to make the whole creation as the object of their compassion and activities. The ‘Amrit’ which is used at the time of baptism is stirred with the Khanda. The original Khanda with which Guru Gobind Singh stirred the baptismal waters on March 30, A.D. 1699 is now prese