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THE GARHWAL RIFLES The Garhwal Rifles is a light infantry or 'rifle' regiment of the Indian Army. It was originally raised as the 39th Garhwal Rifles of the Bengal Army, became part of the old Indian Army, and received its present name on Indian independence. It served during the Frontier campaigns of the late 19th and early 20th Centuries, as well in both the World Wars and the wars fought after Independence. Mainly made up of Garhwali soldiers, this regiment has a distinguished record and a unique identity. Today it is made up of more than 25,000 soldiers, organised into nineteen regular battalions and the Garhwal Scouts, who are stationed permanently at Joshimath. Its Regimental Centre is Landsdowne, Uttar Pradesh and its Regimental insignia is the Maltese Cross, with a bugle in the centre. Its Regimental motto is ‘Yudhaya Krit Nischya’ (Fight with Determination) and its war cry is ‘Badri Vishal Lal Ki Ja’ (Victory to the Great Lord Badri Nath). Its in

AIRCRAFT AND SYSTEMS TESTING ESTABLISHMENT In 1972, Aircraft and Systems Testing Establishment (ASTE) first started training pilots of the Indian Air Force for production testing. Three years later, senior ASTE officers visited ETPS and studied its training methods. These were eventually used to start a course for experimental test flying in 1976. The IAF Test Pilots School, co-located with ASTE at Bangalore, conducts Experimental Flight Test Course (11 months ) for Test Pilots (TP) and Flight Test Engineers (FTE) from the Air Force, Naval Aviation and Army Aviation. The school is one among the eight recognized test pilots school in the world to impart flight test training. There are two streams for training - Rotary Wing and Fixed Wing. Hence, there are four entry streams - RW TP, RW FTE, FW TP and FW FTE. The FTEs have two sub-streams - FTE and FTE (Avionics). Occasionally, under a special arrangement, engineers from non-military organisations involved with aviat

ARMY EDUCATIONAL CORPS Born on June 1, 1947, the Army Educational Corps came into existence with just 40 regular officers, 40 short-service commissioned officers, 120 JCOs and 400 other Ranks. Having grown tremendously since then, the Corps presently has a strength of approximately 500 officers, 6000 JCOs and Other Ranks. Another 100 odd civilians also serve at AEC units all across the country. With its training centre is in Pachmarhi, Madhya Pradesh it supervises and directs all education in the Army and also provides the instructors and examines the machinery for all its educational exams. Post independence, the Corps played a crucial role in improving the educational and professional standard of troops. Personnel of the Corps serve all over the country - from garrisons to headquarters to training centres to establishments to military schools and colleges and even recruitment selection centres. The Corps also runs human resources development centres, whose func

ARMY AVIATION CORPS Formed on November 1, 1986, the Army Aviation Corps (AAC) currently consists of 38 helicopter flights operated by 12 squadrons. The AAC currently has 460 pilot officers on strength and an annual intake of 40-45 officers per year and the AAC Centre is at Nasik, Maharashtra. Army aviation training which was previously carried out at the School of Artillery at Deolali, is now carried out in an independent Combat Air Training School also at Deolali. Its insignia has a flying eagle  above a pair of crossed swords  placed in a purple circle and at the bottom is a red banner with its motto in Sanskrit ‘Suveg va Sudrid’ meaning ‘Swift and Sure’.   https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=RgyCxg1erGIWhbdQjZ1OPQ==&ParentID=wBDPMAYNKQ+DqvMXoPZTgw== http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/ARMY/units/29-Army-Aviation-Corps.html https://www.scribd.com/doc/298953769/Swamy-s-Symbols-of-India-Volume-1 http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Units/

SOUTH WESTERN COMMAND The South Western Command  was formally raised on April 15, 2005 and Operationalised on August 15, 2005 at ‘Gothic Lines’ at Jaipur Military Station, with the customary Raising Ceremony and hoisting of the Command Flag by the General Officer Commanding-in-Chief. The Command insignia depicts the core aspects of the essence. A silver streak , symbolising strike action, command and information warfare superimposed with a seven pointed star , heralding of the seventh Command of the Indian Army and with it, assured victory. The formation sign symbolises the synergetic employment of all arms and services across the entire spectrum of conflict in a nuclear biological and chemical backdrop; jointmanship, interdependence, interoperability and compatibility between the Services - a key battle winning factor and Proactive, integrated, synergised and information warfare centre function in combat. https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTe

TRAINING COMMAND The philosophy of Indian Army’s Training Command  is “No soldier or officer should ever lose his life or limb in combat, because he was inadequately trained”. The aim of the Command is to maximize effectiveness of training and establish a dedicated organization for formulating concepts and doctrines, which are specifically applicable to our operational environment. The requirement was to be met by the establishment of a centralized, independent and high-powered organization, with the requisite infrastructure and resources to meet all aspects of concepts and doctrine development, training policies and institutional training. The Army Training Command (ARTRAC ) came into being on October 1, 1991 at Mhow in Madhya Pradesh. It subsequently shifted to Shimla on  March 31, 1993. Its role includes formulation and dissemination of concepts and doctrines of warfare in the fields of strategy, operational art, tactics, logistics, training and human resource

NORTHERN COMMAND The Indian Army’s Northern Command  is deployed in and responsible for the security of India’s borders with China and Pakistan in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The Northern Command with its headquarters located in Udhampur has three major formations viz. the Leh based XIV Corps  responsible for the Ladakh region including Kargil-Dras and Siachen Glacier, the Srinagar based XV Corps looking after the sensitive borders of the Kashmir region and XVI Corps located in Nagrota responsible for the Jammu region. Prior to independence, the Northern Command, with its headquarters at Rawalpindi was a formation of the British Indian Army from 1895 to 1942 and then from 1945 to 1947. North Western Army was formed from Northern Command in April 1942, to guard the North West Frontier which includes the districts of Kohat, Peshawar, Rawalpindi, Baluchistan and Waziristan. North Western Army reverted to the title Northern Command in November 1945. Lieutenant Ge

CENTRAL COMMAND Central Command  came into being on  May 1, 1963. Prior to this, Lucknow was the Headquarters of the Eastern Command. After the Chinese aggression in 1962, Eastern Command moved to Kolkata and Central Command was raised at Lucknow. Lt Gen K Bahadur Singh has the distinction of being the first Army Commander. The area of Central Command covers the seven states of Utaranchal, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Orissa  and is home to 18 Regimental Centres as well as a large number of logistic and training establishments. The process of selecting a formation sign for Central Command began with its inception. Several designs were considered and finally on  July 31,1963, the Surya was recommended by the first Army Commander who said “The Sun has special merit for Central Command, as the Sun itself, depicted in a round form, stands for strength and light”. The ethos of Surya represents the most potent source of energy, sust

WESTERN COMMAND The genesis of Western  Command  was in the crucible of adversity and forged on the anvil of one of the most momentous and tragic trans-migrations of human populations into the two new nations of India and Pakistan. In June 1947, Punjab Boundary Force was set up for both West and East Punjab, comprising units of both Indian and Pakistan Armies. It was disbanded on September 15, 1947 with the two nations assuming responsibility for their respective areas. It was then that Headquarter Delhi and East Punjab Command was raised for the defence of Delhi and East Punjab areas with the Command Headquarters located at Delhi. The Command was popularly known as the DEP Command and Lieutenant General Dudley Russel, CB, CBE, DSO, MC took over as the first GOC-in-C. DEP Command was redesignated as ‘Western Command’ on January 18, 1948 and Lieutenant General (Later Field Marshal) KM Cariappa, OBE was appointed as the Army Commander, who took over the Command as

EASTERN COMMAND The Eastern  Theatre encompassing the snow-capped peaks of Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh towards the North, the jungle clad hill tracts of Nagaland Manipur, Mizoram and Tripura and Meghalaya in the North-East and the alluvial fertile plains of Assam and Bengal, is a veritable conglomeration of flora and fauna in all its imaginable diversities.  Headquarters of Eastern Command , occupying Fort William, the former seat and symbol of authority of the British Empire has an unparalleled aura not experienced by any other formation. Formations and units of the Command bore the brunt during the Chinese aggression in 1962 and were again in the forefront in 1971 Indo-Pak War, which changed the course of history of the subcontinent and installed India as an unchallenged regional power. The Eastern Command sleeve patch  is red, black and red horizontal striped badge  with a rising sun in golden yellow.   https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSi

SOUTHERN COMMAND The Southern Command , India’s oldest field army has a history spanning over two centuries. Its origin, however, can be traced even earlier to the era of the East India Company in India in the 17th century and the evolution of the Presidency Armies. Pune was established as a military station in the early 1800s and has been synonymous with the Command since then. The Command came into existence in 1895. Today, the Southern Command comprises of its two Corps, 12 and 21 located at Jodhpur and Bhopal. The Maharashtra, Gujarat and Goa Area, with its headquarter at Mumbai and the Andhra, Tamilnadu, Karnataka and Kerala Area with its headquarter at Chennai also come within its ambit. Southern Command encompasses nine States and four Union Territories covering nearly forty percent of the Country. This includes an area of about 24,07,315 square kilometers. Southern Command is also the only tri-service theatre. It has within its geographical area the Western,

ARMY HEADQUARTERS The Army  Headquarters (AHQ) is located in New Delhi and functions as the command, control & administration of the Indian Army as a whole. The Army is further divided into six operational commands (field armies) and one training command. Indian Army Headquarters (IAH) began its life in the Red Fort, Delhi. Today Army Headquarters occupies portions of South Block along with a gigantic, architecturally modern Sena Bhavan adjacent . The army is headquartered in New Delhi and is under the direction of the chief of the army staff, always a full general. The chief of the army staff is assisted by a vice chief, two deputy chiefs, a military secretary and the heads of four main staff divisions: the adjutant general, the quartermaster general, the master general of ordnance and the engineer in chief. The Army consists of a number of arms and services. These are: Armoured Corps , Regiment of Artillery, Corps of Engineers, Corps of Signals, Mechanised

INDIAN ARMY The Indian Army  numbers over one million personnel and fields three dozen divisions. Designed primarily to defend the country's frontiers, the army has committed to internal security duties in Kashmir and the Northeast. The largest standing volunteer Army in the world has never had to scour the populace for draft or conscription. There are always more men eager to don olive green than the demand at any one time. The values of the army infused in the soldier through the years of training are Espirit-de-Corps  - One for all and all for one; Spirit of Selfless Sacrifice - ‘Naam, Namak, Nishan'; Valour; Non-discrimination; Fairness and Honesty; Discipline and Integrity; Fidelity, Honour and Courage and Death to Dishonour and Forthrightness. These values stoke the attitude of Service before Self in every soldier. Its emblem has two crossed swords crested with Ashoka lion pillar Lion, which is India’s official emblem in red background. https:

INDIAN ARMED FORCES The Indian Armed Forces  are the military forces of the Republic of India. They consist of the Army , Navy , Air Force  and Indian Coast Guard, supported by paramilitary forces and various inter-service institutions such as the Strategic Forces Command . The President of India is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces. The Indian Armed Forces are under the management of the Ministry of Defence (MoD), which is led by the Union Cabinet Minister of Defence. The Indian armed forces have been engaged in a number of major military operations, including the Indo-Pakistan wars of 1947, 1965 and 1971, the Sino-Indian War, the 1987 Sino-Indian skirmish, the Kargil War and the Siachen conflict among others. India honours its armed forces and military personnel annually on Armed Forces Flag Day on December 7. The crest of the Indian Armed forces consists of the symbols of the Army, Navy and Air Force placed one above the other  in the middle of